Phylogenetic Trees
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.
The pattern of branching in a phylogenetic tree reflects how species or other groups evolved from a series of common ancestors.
The syllabus requires you to be able to interpret cladograms to infer the evolutionary relatedness between groups of organisms. However, at the time of writing, the published exemplar exams have scaled (both time rooted and genetic distance rooted) tree questions in them.
Evolutionary trees show clades.
SYLLABUS DEFINITION: A clade is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants.